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First, you connect two subwoofers in series and then wire that pair in parallel to a second pair, which is also connected in series. Step Put your favorite chair in front of your new-found zip blasters, crank them up to 11 and blow yourself away. The speaker cone will move outwards when the positive on the battery is connected to the positive on the speaker. The impedances add in a series connection. There are many cases when you want to file four speakers to a stereo amp, that is, to connect 2 speakers to each amplifier — or four speakers in total. If the cabinet is not constructed well, it will vibrate on its own and in worst cases could cancel out whole frequency bands or even cause serious feedback loops.

In this article we look at how and when to connect 2 speakers in parallel or series. Both the theory and practical points on how to connect 2 speakers are discussed. If you need to turn each speaker on or off individually or have separate volume controls, you may need a speaker selector switch. A stereo amp simply has two amplifiers built into the one box. We are not talking about connecting two speakers to a stereo amp, as that simply involves connecting one speaker to each amplifier left and right. There are many cases when you want to connect four speakers to a stereo amp, that is, to connect 2 speakers to each amplifier — or four speakers in total. For the rest of this article, when we talk about an amplifier, we are talking about either the left or right amplifier only. The are two basic ways of connecting two speakers together — either in series or parallel. Should 2 speakers be connected in Series or Parallel? Whether 2 speakers connected to one amplifier should be in series or parallel mostly depends on the impedance of the speakers. The impedance of the speakers should be written on the back of the speaker or speaker box. The impedance of a speaker is normally 4 ohms, 6 ohms or 8 ohms. If both speakers are 8 ohms or more, then the speakers can normally be wired in parallel. If the speakers are less than 8 ohms, then to be safe, you should wire them in series. Connect 2 Speakers in Parallel To calculate the total load impedance of speakers in parallel, see my. If both speakers are 8 ohms or more, then it is normally safe to connect them in parallel. This is because two 8 ohm speakers in parallel makes the total load impedance 4 ohms. Most HiFi amps are designed to have a total load impedance of 4 ohms or higher, but not lower than 4 ohms. If your amp is not specified for 4 ohms some are 6 ohms or 8 ohms minimum , then you should consider wiring your two speakers in series. For practical ways of connecting 2 speakers in parallel, see the table below. If your amplifier has an A and B speaker selector, you can use this for a simple way of connecting two sets of speakers in parallel. Connect 2 Speakers in Series To calculate the total load impedance of speakers in series, simply add the impedances together If both speakers are less than 8 ohms, or the amplifier requires a total load impedance greater than 4 ohms, then it is best to connect the speakers in series. This is because two 4 ohm speakers in series makes the total load impedance 8 ohms. Two 6 ohm speakers in series makes the total load impedance 12 ohms. Most amps work fine with a load impedance of 6-16 ohms. How to Connect 2 speakers in Parallel and Series Below is a table showing how to wire up two speakers in parallel and series for common scenarios. If you double click on a diagram you should see a slightly larger version for easier viewing. Practical Ways to Connect 2 Speakers in Parallel and Series When all cables are run back to the amplifier location Parallel: Both speaker cables are connected directly to the amplifier Series:Join two of the wires as shown separate to the connections on the amp. When there is a long cable run to be split to go to both speakers Parallel: Join the cables from both speakers to the cable from the amplifier Series: Join the two speakers in series, then join this to the feed cable When the cables from each speaker come back to a wall plate Parallel: Simply join the terminal as shown Series: The series connection is made with one join You may have noticed that no matter which scenario is used, all the parallel diagrams are technically wired the same as each other — if you doubt me, trace the connections with your fingers on any two of the parallel connection methods. You can do the same for the series connections below as they are also the same as each other. Keep in mind that changing the total load impedance of an amplifier will increase or decrease the power output of the amplifier. Connecting in parallel normally increases the output power, while a series connection normally decreases the power output of an amplifier. See  for more details. Each speaker may have a different sensitivity which may mean there will be a level difference between them. For more on this see Also if the speakers each have a different impedance, then there will be different power levels available to each speaker. For more detail see Summary of Connecting 2 speakers There are only really two ways to connect 2 speakers to one amplifier — either in parallel or series. If each speaker has an impedance of 8 ohms or more, then you can generally connect them in parallel. If each speaker has an impedance below 8 ohms, you should wire them in series. You may also find an answer in the comment below. Connecting them in series adds their impedance together, that is your two 3 ohm speakers wired in series would give you a 6 ohm load to the amplifier. The other way would be to wire them in parallel. In parallel the total impedance is half of the impedance of the speakers, so that your two 3 ohm speakers would give a total load impedance of 1. Therefore I suggest you wire them in series. While this is safer for the amplifier it does mean the amplifier will also produce slightly less power. To wire them in series you could follow the top right-hand diagram in the article above. Hope this helps, Geoff Hello Geoff, Thanks for your mostexcellent articles. They have helped me narrow down my issue so that I feel I can properly articulate my questions for a hi-fi of 75 W rms per channel that support 6 ohm speakers where I want to add one 4 ohm speaker per channel : 1 can I use different guage speaker wire to help balance the power to the speakers; either to increase power to the 4 ohm or decrease to 6 ohms if wired in series — which seems to be the lessons I learned on your pages. What is the propoer order if this is true? I understand presently ignoring speaker sensitivity that my 75W per channel wired these two speakers in series gives me 27. Thank you very much Sheldon Hi Sheldon, You have discovered that connecting speakers in series does not work well when the speakers are of different impedance and you want the same power to each speaker. Changing speaker wire or inserting resistance in the line will not change the ratio as everything is still in series. My only suggestion to achieve what you are wanting, is to use a two zone speaker selector switch with volume controls. This will give you the volume control you require and also look after the impedance as it will have a series resistor in the circuit to keep the minimum impedance above 4 ohms. The resistor does take some power, but in a domestic install this is normally quite okay. Hope this helps, Geoff.

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